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1994-05-02
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<text>
<title>
Poland: Communications
</title>
<article><hdr>The World Factbook 1993: Poland
Communications</hdr><body>
<p>Railroads: 26,250 km total; 23,857 km 1.435-meter gauge, 397
km 1.520-meter gauge, 1,996 km narrow gauge; 8,987 km double
track; 11,510 km electrified; government owned (1991)
</p>
<p>Highways: 360,629 km total (excluding farm, factory and forest
roads); 220 km limited access expressways, 45,257 km main
highways, 128,775 km regional roads, 186,377 urban or village
roads (local traffic); 220,000 km are paved (including all main
and regional highways) (1988)
</p>
<p>Inland waterways: 3,997 km navigable rivers and canals (1991)
</p>
<p>Pipelines: natural gas 4,600 km, crude oil 1,986 km, petroleum
products 360 km (1992)
</p>
<p>Ports: Gdansk, Gdynia, Szczecin, Swinoujscie; principal inland
ports are Gliwice on Kana Gliwice, Wrocaw on the Oder, and
Warsaw on the Vistula
</p>
<p>Merchant marine: 209 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling
2,747,631 GRT/3,992,053 DWT; includes 5 short-sea passenger, 76
cargo, 1 refrigerated cargo, 11 roll-on/roll-off cargo, 9
container, 1 oil tanker, 4 chemical tanker, 101 bulk, 1
passenger; Poland owns 1 ship of 6,333 DWT operating under
Liberian registry
</p>
<list>
<l>Airports:</l>
<l> total: 163</l>
<l> usable: 163</l>
<l> with permanent-surface runways: 100</l>
<l> with runway over 3,659 m: 0</l>
<l> with runways 2,440-3,659 m: 51</l>
<l> with runways 1,220-2,439 m: 95</l>
</list>
<p>Telecommunications: severely underdeveloped and outmoded
system; cable, open wire and microwave; phone density is 10.5
phones per 100 residents (October 1990); 3.6 million telephone
subscribers; exchanges are 86% automatic (1991); broadcast
stations - 27 AM, 27 FM, 40 (5 Soviet repeaters) TV; 9.6 million
TVs; 1 satellite earth station using INTELSAT, EUTELSAT,
INMARSAT and Intersputnik
</p></body></article></text>